Raport

Saatja: "info - MKM" <[email protected]> Saaja: "Justiits- ja Digiministeerium" <[email protected]> Teema: FW: ITSO Annual Report 2025 Kuupäev: 2026-03-17 06:37 From: ITSO <[email protected]> Sent: Monday, March 16, 2026 5:52 PM To: info - MKM <[email protected]> Subject: ITSO Annual Report 2025 Tähelepanu! Tegemist on välisvõrgust saabunud kirjaga. Tundmatu saatja korral palume linke ja faile mitte avada. <https://7xvho.r.a.d.sendibm1.com/mk/op/sh/6rqJ8GsgchJ5N5ukqdInifETVUS/1JhInE8g6fhf> <https://7xvho.img.a.d.sendibm1.com/im/sh/soKJhFCZLo1B.png?u=1vcqsYC5HMzcSL9iSOoRjr5Sk6IG5k> Annual Report 2025 16 MARCH 2026 TO: ALL PARTIES TO THE AGREEMENT RELATING TO THE INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ORGANIZATION SUBJECT: ITSO ANNUAL REPORT 2025 The Director General of the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO), Dr. Renata Brazil-David, presents her compliments and has the honor to attach a report on the activities of the Organization for 2025, in accordance with Article XIX of the ITSO Treaty Agreement and consistent with the U.N. Resolution 1721. The attached report highlights ITSO’s major activities in 2025, including the preparatory work for the 42nd Assembly of Parties, and it briefly describes SES and its network. Kind Regards, ITSO Secretariat ________________ Attachment Annual Report 2025 ________________________ _________________________ 16 MARS 2026 DESTINATAIRES : TOUTES LES PARTIES À L’ACCORD RELATIF À L’ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS PAR SATELLITES OBJET : RAPPORT ANNUEL DE L'ITSO POUR 2025 La Directrice générale de l’Organisation internationale des télécommunications par satellite (ITSO), Mme Renata Brazil-David, vous présente ses compliments et a l’honneur de joindre ci-joint un rapport sur les activités de l’Organisation pour l’année 2025, conformément à l’article XIX de l’Accord constitutif de l’ITSO et en conformité avec la résolution 1721 des Nations Unies. Le rapport ci-joint met en évidence les principales activités de l'ITSO en 2025, y compris les travaux préparatoires de la 42e Assemblée des Parties, et décrit brièvement SES et son réseau. Cordialement, Secrétariat de l'ITSO ________________ Pièce jointe Rapport annuel 2025 _________________________ _________________________ 16 MARS 2026 DESTINATAIRES : TOUTES LES PARTIES À L’ACCORD RELATIF À L’ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS PAR SATELLITES OBJET : RAPPORT ANNUEL DE L'ITSO POUR 2025 La Directora General de la Organización Internacional de Telecomunicaciones por Satélite (ITSO), Sra. Renata Brazil-David, le saluda atentamente y tiene el honor de adjuntar un informe sobre las actividades de la Organización durante el año 2025, de conformidad con el artículo XIX del Acuerdo Constitutivo de la ITSO y con la resolución 1721 de las Naciones Unidas. El informe adjunto destaca las principales actividades de la ITSO en 2025, incluidos los trabajos preparatorios de la 42.ª Asamblea de las Partes, y describe brevemente a SES y su red. Atentamente, Secretaría de la ITSO ________________ Anexo Informe anual 2025 ITSO 4400 Jenifer St NW Ste 333, 20015, Washington View in browser <https://7xvho.r.a.d.sendibm1.com/mk/mr/sh/6rqJ8GoudeITPxRqlufBNwEu1bQ/ifY1y1KJFU6c> | <https://7xvho.r.a.d.sendibm1.com/mk/un/v2/sh/6rqJ8GqndAnmOWgIoGyzYIjglXw/2sptz_5ccn1e> Unsubscribe <https://7xvho.img.a.d.sendibm1.com/im/sh/HdIf9hUcEvYM.png?u=1vcqsYC5HMzcSMokugxw3GdOLEDtOm> INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ORGANIZATION ANNUAL REPORT 2025  ANNUAL REPORT 2025 ACRONYMS LIST AP Assembly of Parties AUWCL American University Washington College of Law EUTELSAT IGO European Telecommunications Satellite Organization FCC U.S. Federal Communications Commission FWP Frequency Working Party GSO Geostationary Satellite Orbit IAC ITSO Advisory Committee ICT Information and Communications Technology IMSO International Mobile Satellite Organization IGO Intergovernmental Organization ITSO International Telecommunications Satellite Organization ITU International Telecommunication Union LCO Lifeline Connectivity Obligations MEO Medium-Earth orbit NGSO Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit PSA Public Services Agreement RA Radiocommunication Assembly SES Société Européenne des Satellites  ANNUAL REPORT 2025 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS MISSION .................................................................. 1 1.1. ITSO’s mission ................................................................................. 1 1.2. Supervisory role ............................................................................... 1 1.3. Protection of the Common Heritage ..................................................... 2 2. ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION ...................................................................... 3 2.1. Supervisory Functions ....................................................................... 3 2.2 Major developments in 2025 .............................................................. 3 2.3 Protection of the Parties’ Common Heritage Orbital Locations and Associated Frequency Assignments...................................................... 6 2.4 ITSO Frequency Working Party ........................................................... 7 2.5 ITSO’s Working Group ....................................................................... 7 2.6 Preparation for the Forty-Second Assembly of Parties ............................. 8 2.7 Regulatory Activities ......................................................................... 9 2.8 Capacity Building Program ............................................................... 10 2.9 Tripartite meeting with EUTELSAT IGO, IMSO, and ITSO ....................... 10 3. SES AND ITS NETWORK ................................................................................. 12 3.1. SES and the Public Service Obligations ............................................... 12 3.2. SES’s Performance.......................................................................... 12 3.3. SES’s Network and Operations .......................................................... 13 1. THE ORGANIZATION AND ITS MISSION 1.1. ITSO’s mission Article XII (c)(ii) further protects the integrity of the Parties’ Common Heritage and The International Telecommunications enables ITSO to enter into Public Services Satellite Organization (ITSO) is an Agreements with entities other than intergovernmental organization with 149 Intelsat. Member States, that incorporates the ITSO has been responsible for overseeing principle set forth in Resolution 1721 (XVI) of Intelsat’s compliance with its public service the General Assembly of the United Nations, obligations—a role that now extends to SES, which establishes that communication by following SES acquisition of Intelsat in July means of satellite should be available to the 2025. ITSO’s mission is to ensure nations of the world as soon as practicable SES/Intelsat's successful performance of its on a global and non-discriminatory basis. public service obligations and to safeguard ITSO was formerly abbreviated and the Parties’ Common Heritage. referred to as INTELSAT and is the continuation of the intergovernmental organization (IGO) established by treaty in 1.2. Supervisory role 1973. On 18 July 2001, the satellite fleet, The Core Principles established under customer contracts and other operational Article III of the Agreement are reflected assets previously held by INTELSAT were under the PSA and govern SES/Intelsat’s transferred to Intelsat, S.A. (referred to as provision of services, under which Intelsat is “Intelsat” or the “Company”), a new private required to: company initially registered in Bermuda but • Maintain global connectivity and now registered in Luxembourg. global coverage for any country or The supervisory mission of ITSO, as set territory that desires to connect forth in Article III of the ITSO Agreement, is with any other country or territory to ensure, through the Public Services within and between the five regions Agreement (PSA) entered into between ITSO of the Americas, Western Europe, and Intelsat, that Intelsat provides, on a Eastern Europe, Africa and Asia; commercial basis, international public • Serve its lifeline connectivity telecommunications services, in order to customers; and ensure the performance of the three Core Principles identified in the ITSO Agreement, • Provide non-discriminatory access namely (i) to maintain global connectivity to Intelsat, S.A.’s communications and global coverage; (ii) to serve its lifeline system. connectivity customers; and (iii) to provide Adherence to these Core Principles was non-discriminatory access to the Intelsat of such fundamental importance to the system. Additionally, consistent with the privatization of ITSO’s satellite assets that mandate provided by Articles IX(d)(ix) and the transfer of operating assets to Intelsat X(j) of the ITSO Agreement, ITSO shall was conditioned on Intelsat’s ongoing consider all issues related to the Parties’ adherence to the PSA. The PSA stipulates Common Heritage. The amendment of that Intelsat’s performance of these (AR-25) December 2025 Page 1 obligations (Public Service Obligations), requires the Assembly of Parties to consider which incorporate the Core Principles, issues pertaining to the Parties’ Common represents the consideration provided by Heritage. In addition, in Article XII (e), the ITSO for the transfer of its assets and right to Agreement imposes specific obligations on use the Parties’ Common Heritage orbital each Party selected to act as a Notifying locations and associated frequency Administration. These obligations include, in assignments to Intelsat. particular, reporting to the Director General of ITSO on, at least, an annual basis; seeking the Director General’s views regarding 1.3. Protection of the Common Heritage actions required to implement the The Parties’ Common Heritage orbital Company’s fulfillment of the Core Principles; locations and associated frequency and notifying and consulting with the assignments are crucial resources of ITSO Director General on the ITU satellite system Parties and are recorded in the International coordination to assure that global Telecommunication Union (ITU) database connectivity and coverage are maintained under the corresponding remarks associated and access to lifeline countries is expanded. to USA and UK Notifying Administrations. The Assembly of Parties approved an They provide the capability for meeting the Amendment to Article XII (c)(ii) of the ITSO global coverage and connectivity targets. Agreement in order to better protect the The Parties’ Common Heritage is under Parties’ Common Heritage orbital locations the jurisdiction of two Notifying and associated frequency assignments. The Administrations: amended Article XII (c)(ii) allows satellite • the United States with respect to operators other than Intelsat to utilize the orbital locations utilizing frequency Common Heritage frequency assignments assignments in the C band and Ku associated with orbital locations, in case of band, and Intelsat’s bankruptcy or when those resources are not being utilized by Intelsat, • the United Kingdom with respect to subject to the commitment of those satellite orbital locations utilizing frequency operators to utilize the Common Heritage in assignments in the Ku band, mostly a manner consistent with the Core in the planned BSS bands. Principles. The amended Article XII (c)(ii) In turn, these orbital locations and offers increased protection to the Parties’ associated frequency assignments are Common Heritage by allowing the ITSO licensed for use to Intelsat by the two Parties to ensure the continued availability Notifying Administrations. of the space segment required for international public telecommunications In this respect, Article X (j) of the ITSO services of high quality and reliability Agreement states that, “the Director necessary to support the Core Principles of General, on behalf of ITSO, shall consider all global coverage, global connectivity, non- issues arising from the Parties’ Common discriminatory access and protection of Heritage and shall communicate the views of lifeline connectivity and users. the Parties to the Notifying Administrations”. Further, Article IX (d)(ix) (AR-25) December 2025 Page 2 2. ACTIVITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION Since SES acquired Intelsat in July 2025, 2.1. Supervisory Functions ITSO’s supervisory functions now extend to SES. In light of more collaborative Under Article 3.03 of the PSA, Intelsat, relationship developing with SES, as well as inter alia, shall: “provide ITSO with annual or the changing satellite environment in which more frequent as necessary, reports SES now operates as a multi-orbit provider, containing sufficient information to the Director General is coordinating with SES demonstrate that Intelsat is meeting its to more clearly determine the information global connectivity and coverage, non- that SES is required to provide under Article discriminatory access and Lifeline 3 of the PSA going forward. Connectivity Obligations (LCO)”. The overall supervision of the 2.2 Major developments in 2025 performance by Intelsat of the Core Principles is governed by the Public Services 2.2.1 SES Acquisition of Intelsat: A Historic Agreement (PSA) that was signed between New Era for ITSO ITSO and Intelsat in 2001. In accordance with On April 30, 2024, SES announced its the requirement of the PSA, Intelsat is proposed acquisition of Intelsat. Following required to submit reports to ITSO on a comprehensive reviews by competition, regular basis detailing the actions regulatory, and national security authorities, undertaken by the company to fulfill the including the U.S. Federal Communications Core Principles. As previously agreed by Commission (FCC) and the relevant U.S. Intelsat following consideration of this national security review bodies, the matter at the 30th meeting of the ITSO transaction received all required approvals Assembly of Parties in 2006, these reports and was formally completed on July 17, should cover a number of subjects, including 2025. network plans, deployment and service offerings; customer base and growth; This marks a truly historic moment for revenue, earnings and projections; and ITSO and the beginning of a new era in the quality of service. Organization’s relationship with the Company. With SES, ITSO is now working More recently, Intelsat had stopped with one of the world’s largest and most providing all the required information that it innovative global satellite operators, previously agreed to provide, and which is bringing greater scale, financial strength, necessary for ITSO to review in order to technical expertise, and multi-orbit properly assess Intelsat’s compliance with its capabilities to our shared mission of global Public Service Obligations, nor the adequate connectivity. funding required to operate the Organization. During the regulatory review process, ITSO submitted comments emphasizing the As such, based on the limited importance of safeguarding the Core information provided by Intelsat in 2025 Principles of the ITSO Agreement and ITSO was unable to assess whether Intelsat protecting the Parties’ Common Heritage had fully met its Public Service Obligations. orbital and frequency resources. In its July (AR-25) December 2025 Page 3 13, 2025, decision approving the (ITSO) for an initial four-year term extending transaction, the FCC confirmed that the through July 2029. She was nominated by acquisition does not alter Intelsat’s the Party of Brazil and was elected by the obligations under the Public Services ITSO Parties at the Forty-First Assembly of Agreement (PSA), nor the ITSO-related Parties (AP-41) held in Washington, D.C., licensing conditions applicable to the reflecting the full confidence of the Common Heritage resources. SES, as membership in her leadership and vision for successor in interest to Intelsat, remains the Organization. fully bound by the Core Principles set forth A Brazilian national, Dr. Brazil-David in the ITSO Agreement. brings more than a decade of senior The transaction presents both significant leadership experience within ITSO, having opportunities and clear responsibilities. It previously served as Deputy Director creates new potential for expanded global General, Director of International and coverage, strengthened resilience, and Regulatory Affairs, and Director of Legal continued innovation in satellite services. At Affairs. In these roles, she played a central the same time, it reinforces the obligation to part in advancing ITSO’s mandate, ensure that the PSA commitments and Core strengthening engagement with Parties, and Principles, including global connectivity, navigating complex regulatory and non-discriminatory access, and protection of institutional challenges. Her in-depth the Common Heritage, remain fully knowledge of the ITSO Agreement, the respected. Public Services Agreement (PSA), and all ITSO matters uniquely positioned her to Following completion of the transaction, guide the Organization in a period of the Director General engaged proactively transformation in the global satellite sector. with SES to re-establish a constructive and cooperative relationship. Subsequent Beyond ITSO, Dr. Brazil-David has developments, including the conclusion of a held senior positions in both the private and multi-year funding agreement, have academic sectors. She served as Director of provided a more stable and predictable Regulatory Policy at Inmarsat (now part of foundation for ITSO to carry out its ViaSat), gaining direct industry experience in supervisory responsibilities effectively, while global satellite operations and regulatory supporting the continued commercial strategy. She has also contributed to viability and success of the Company. academia as an adjunct professor and as Associate Director of the Program on Brazil– The Director General will continue to U.S. Comparative Law at American work closely with SES and the Parties to University Washington College of Law. She safeguard the Common Heritage and uphold holds a Master of Laws from the University the Core Principles, while advancing a of Essex, a Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.) positive and forward-looking partnership in from American University. this new chapter for ITSO. Her election represents a historic 2.2.2 New Director General of ITSO milestone, as she becomes the first woman On July 18, 2025, Dr. Renata Brazil- to serve as Director General of ITSO. Under David officially assumed office as Director her leadership, ITSO continues to advance its General of the International core mission: ensuring non-discriminatory Telecommunications Satellite Organization access to global satellite communications (AR-25) December 2025 Page 4 services, safeguarding the Parties’ Common In mid-2025, shortly before the Heritage orbital and spectrum resources, completion of the SES acquisition, a funding and supporting universal and meaningful agreement was concluded by the previous connectivity in alignment with the broader Director General with Intelsat. That global ICT development agenda. arrangement did not fully reflect the budgetary requirements approved by the 2.2.3 Funding Agreement Developments Assembly of Parties and fell short of Following the 2001 restructuring of providing the level of financial predictability INTELSAT, the Assembly of Parties (AP-25) and sustainability necessary for the established a funding mechanism to ensure Organization’s long-term planning and ITSO’s financial stability for an initial twelve- effective discharge of its mandate. year period. The Public Services Agreement Following the completion of the (PSA) further provided that, if ITSO acquisition, the new Director General continued beyond that period, the Company engaged proactively with the leadership of would fund ITSO annually through good faith SES to convey the concerns of the Parties negotiations between the Director General and to seek a more stable and forward- and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. looking funding framework. These After the Assembly decided in 2012 that discussions were conducted in a ITSO should continue its mandate, multi- constructive and cooperative spirit and year funding agreements were successfully resulted in the conclusion of a new multi- concluded for 2013–2016 and 2016–2019 in year funding agreement with SES, replacing line with Assembly-approved budgets, the previous one and extending it until the providing stability and predictability. end of fiscal year 2028. Beginning in 2019, however, the The new agreement represents a relationship between ITSO and Intelsat significant and positive turning point for entered a period of significant strain when ITSO. It restores predictability, improves the Intelsat refused to provide funding to ITSO. overall funding framework, and provides Negotiations on funding for 2020 and 2021 ITSO with the financial stability necessary to failed, prompting ITSO to initiate arbitration carry out its supervisory responsibilities under the PSA, including over the Company’s effectively and confidently between obligation to provide essential performance Assembly meetings. It also reflects SES’s and network data necessary for ITSO’s commitment to building a constructive supervisory functions. Intelsat’s subsequent partnership with ITSO, respecting the ITSO Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing further Parties and supporting the Organization’s complicated matters, suspending the unique role in safeguarding the Core arbitration and resulting in a series of short- Principles and the Parties’ Common term settlement arrangements. Funding Heritage. became intermittent and uncertain, requiring repeated ad hoc agreements to Overall, the conclusion of the new sustain ITSO’s operations and Assembly multi-year agreement marks an important meetings. This period imposed considerable step toward a more stable, cooperative, and financial hardship and institutional sustainable relationship between ITSO and uncertainty on the Organization. the Company, strengthening the foundation for ITSO’s work in the years ahead. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 5 2.3 Protection of the Parties’ Common affordable, non-discriminatory public Heritage Orbital Locations and Associated telecommunications satellite services. Frequency Assignments In protecting the Parties’ Common The Parties’ Common Heritage resources Heritage and associated frequencies, in are quite unique in their capability to enable accordance with Articles IX, X and XII of the global coverage and direct, instantaneous Agreement, the Director General has and reliable connectivity amongst countries continued to define actions to ensure that around the world. While other satellite these assets are preserved to the maximum operators also offer global coverage, none of extent possible to support the public them have made the type of commitment to services, Core Principles and facilitate access assure the continued availability of that to new services. capacity to meet the requirements of lifeline The Assembly of Parties approved an users in the same fashion as SES/Intelsat is amendment to the ITSO Agreement Article obligated to do pursuant to the terms of the XII (c)(ii) to protect the Parties’ Common ITSO Agreement and the PSA. It is also worth Heritage orbital locations and associated noting that it took INTELSAT considerable frequency assignments in case of adverse or effort over time to secure these orbital unforeseen situations, which entered into locations and associated frequency force on 16 January 2017. assignments as recorded in the ITU database. In June 2022, at ITSO’s 40th Assembly of Parties, the Parties expressed concern about In recognition of the critical role these the potential loss of Common Heritage prime locations in the geostationary orbital orbital locations and the absence of timely arc played in assuring fulfillment of Public information from Intelsat in accordance with Service Obligations by Intelsat and now SES, the PSA regarding their ongoing status. They all Member States of ITSO had allowed the decided to establish a Working Group to INTELSAT system to establish priority over examine and make recommendations on their own national and regional satellite how to improve protection of the Parties’ systems. In the prevailing business climate of Common Heritage and the the current satellite telecommunications recommendations of the Working Groups sector, the continuing value of these orbital were approved by the 41st Assembly of slots and associated frequency spectrum for Parties.1 At AP-41, the Parties established a assuring global connectivity and coverage new Ad Hoc Working Group (WG) to build on has remained high. the work initiated at AP-40 and to develop For ITSO, any significant reduction in strategic recommendations aimed at the these orbital locations and frequency protection of the Parties’ Common Heritage, spectrum would not only be irreversible but among others. See 2.5 below for additional could also have negative consequences in information on the WG. respect to the obligations embodied in ITSO’s Core Principles and the unfettered access of the international community to 1 See section 2.5 for further information on the Working Groups and Section 2.6 for further information on the 41st Assembly of Parties. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 6 2.4 ITSO Frequency Working Party institutional, legal, financial, and operational challenges facing ITSO in a rapidly evolving The Frequency Working Party (FWP) was satellite environment and to formulate created at the 33rd meeting of the Assembly concrete proposals for consideration by of Parties (AP-33), with the objective of AP-42. advising the Director General on matters relating to the implementation of Article XII Throughout 2025, the Working Group (e) (iv) of the ITSO Agreement 2. The FWP is met six times, supported by two meetings of made up of one frequency expert from each its Management Team and the ITSO of the five ITU regions. Additional frequency Secretariat. Participation was broad and experts can also participate in the work of geographically balanced, including the FWP. ITSO and FWP Member States representatives from all ITSO regions, the submit documents to ITU Working Parties Notifying Administrations, and the Director meetings, regional and World General. The discussions reflected the Radiocommunication Conference (WRC), as dynamic context of 2025, marked by major well as Radiocommunication Assembly (RA) developments in the satellite sector, preparatory meetings in order to maintain including industry consolidation, the Resolution ITU-R 69 3. transition from Intelsat to SES, the growth of multi-orbit systems, and increasing The FWP met twice in 2025. FWP-15 was attention to the governance and protection held on 10 June, 2025 and FWP-16 was held of orbital and spectrum resources. on November 25, 2025. The FWP provided advice to the Director General concerning Under its Terms of Reference, the WG the Parties’ Common Heritage, the examined a wide range of issues, including: outcomes of RA-23 and WRC-23, • ITSO’s institutional strengths, preparation for WRC-27 as well as advice on weaknesses, and opportunities, the work of the ITSO Working Group. ITSO including mechanisms to ensure and FWP Member States will keep working adequate and sustainable funding; to address all issues arising from the Parties’ Common Heritage and collect the views of • Enhanced collaboration between the Parties. ITSO and the Notifying Administrations in support of Article XII(c) of the ITSO Agreement; 2.5 ITSO’s Working Group • Possible improvements to the Public At its Forty-First Assembly of Parties (AP- Services Agreement (PSA) to foster 41), the Parties established a new Ad Hoc better cooperation with the Working Group (WG) to build on the work Company or any future operator; initiated at AP-40 and to develop strategic recommendations aimed at strengthening • Processes and mechanisms for the ITSO’s long-term resilience, effectiveness, assignment, management, and and protection of the Parties’ Common protection of the Common Heritage; Heritage. The WG was mandated to assess • Procedures to address potential 2 The Article XII (e) reads as follow: “Each Party selected to act as 3 Resolution ITU-R 69 (RA-15) continues to serve as a guidance a Notifying Administration […] shall: […] (iv) notify and consult to studies and activities carried out in both ITU-R and ITU-D with the Director General on ITU satellite system co-ordinations concerning the development and deployment of international that are undertaken on behalf of the Company to assure that public telecommunications via satellite in developing countries. global connectivity and service to lifeline users are maintained”. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 7  scenarios such as mergers, changes 2.6 Preparation for the Forty-Second of ownership, bankruptcy, or the Assembly of Parties suppression and reassignment of The Forty-Second Assembly of Parties unused Common Heritage orbital (AP-42) will take place in Washington, D.C., resources; and from 30 September to 2 October 2026. The • Options to strengthen alignment Assembly will consider a comprehensive between ITSO’s supervisory role and agenda reflecting the evolving relationship evolving regulatory and market between ITSO and SES following the July realities. 2025 acquisition of Intelsat, as well as key governance and strategic matters for the The WG prepared a consolidated Organization. background report and a Draft Report containing provisional recommendations The AP-42 agenda includes consideration approved by consensus. The Draft Report of financial matters and the multi-year will be submitted to the Advisory Committee funding agreement with SES; reports on the (IAC) for advice, with a view to finalizing SES acquisition of Intelsat and SES’s financial recommendations for submission to the position; review of the ITSO Working Group Forty-Second Assembly of Parties (AP-42). work; and discussions on the Public Services Agreement, including possible revisions and While the mandate of the AP-41 Working a template PSA for other entities. The Group was developed during a period of Assembly will also address matters relating uncertainty, particularly in relation to the to the Parties’ Common Heritage, satellite SES acquisition and prior funding challenges, industry developments, implementation of significant progress has subsequently been Article XII provisions, and the Strategic Plan achieved during 2025 on many of the for 2026–2028. In addition, AP-42 will subjects addressed by the AP-41 Working consider Article IV(b) applications, review Group. The conclusion of new funding and the implementation of AP-41 decisions, and cooperation arrangements with SES, designate an Acting Director General to mentioned above, have created a more ensure institutional continuity. stable and constructive environment. These developments provide a more positive and Through these agenda items, AP-42 will forward-looking framework for addressing consolidate ITSO’s renewed partnership and refining the WG’s recommendations as with SES, strengthen its supervisory appropriate in order to further strengthen framework, and reinforce the Organization’s ITSO’s ability to safeguard the Common role in safeguarding the Core Principles and Heritage and effectively discharge its the Parties’ Common Heritage in a rapidly supervisory responsibilities in the years evolving satellite environment. ahead. As a pre-event to AP-42, an ITSO Symposium will take place on 29 September 2026. The Symposium will address satellite industry developments and topics of interest to ITSO Parties, providing a forward-looking platform for dialogue on evolving multi-orbit technologies, regulatory considerations, and public service objectives. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 8 2.7 Regulatory Activities accessible satellite connectivity in support of national development and socio-economic The satellite communications sector growth. continues to evolve rapidly, driven by technological innovation, new commercial Regulatory activities undertaken by ITSO models, and the large-scale deployment of in 2025 included, among others, ITSO’s non-geostationary constellations. Low Earth involvement and participation in several orbit (LEO) systems are expanding high-level international events, amplifying broadband access, enabling low-latency the Organization’s voice in global discussions services and new integration with terrestrial on universal access, space sustainability, and networks, including direct-to-device the future of satellite communications. The solutions. At the same time, geostationary Director General also held bilateral meetings (GSO) satellites remain essential for ensuring with several ITSO Parties to listen to their stable, efficient, and universal coverage, concerns, seek their advice, and work particularly in countries with vast or remote toward common objectives. territories. This dynamic multi-orbit ITSO regularly collaborates with the ITU environment is expanding global and its Telecommunication Development connectivity opportunities while increasing Bureau (BDT) to raise policymakers’ and the need for effective spectrum and orbital regulators’ awareness of the importance of resource management. satellite connectivity (especially broadband) for driving economic growth and achieving In this context, the acquisition of Intelsat by SES has created a strengthened universal access. In 2025, ITSO submitted an global operator combining GSO and informative contribution to the World medium-Earth orbit (MEO) capabilities to Telecommunications Development support digital inclusion, communications in Conference of the ITU (WTDC-25) motion, and secure government services. emphasizing the relevance of ITU-R However, the rapid growth of LEO, MEO, and Resolution 69-2 to the work of ITU-D, advanced GSO systems also introduces particularly in promoting satellite greater regulatory complexity. connectivity as a key enabler of universal access in remote and underserved regions. Satellite services thus need to be ITSO highlighted the importance of enabled and promoted through appropriate strengthening policy and regulatory regulatory practices. ITSO’s activities alignment, fostering capacity-building and include, among others, collaborating with knowledge-sharing on satellite technologies, partner organizations and the satellite and enhancing cooperation among industry to create awareness about governments, operators, and international regulatory practices that enhance the organizations. These objectives were availability of affordable, competitive reflected in the outcomes of WTDC-25, satellite communications. including references to Resolution 69-2 in In addition, ITSO will continue to work Resolution 37 (Rev. Baku, 2025) on “Bridging closely with SES, the ITU, Notifying the Digital Divide,” the updated Study Group Administrations, and its Parties to safeguard 1 work program addressing satellite-based the Common Heritage, ensure compliance broadband access and capacity-building, and with public service obligations, and promote Resolution ITU-D 77 on broadband non-discriminatory and universally technologies, thereby reinforcing the role of (AR-25) December 2025 Page 9 satellite connectivity in advancing universal International Communications Regulation and meaningful connectivity. and Policy 4. ITSO and SES are also working together 2.8 Capacity Building Program on a webinar for the ITSO Parties. In addition, ITSO is organizing a half-day ITSO ‘s Capacity Building Program aims seminar the day before AP-42 on satellite to assist Member States in creating the issues. necessary conditions for the effective use of satellite-based international public telecommunication services in line with their 2.9 Tripartite meeting with EUTELSAT IGO, ICT goals and policies, and in furtherance of IMSO, and ITSO SES/Intelsat’s ability to satisfy its Public The heads of the three Service Obligations. The Program is being intergovernmental satellite organizations – implemented in partnership with a number the European Telecommunications Satellite of international organizations. Organization (EUTELSAT IGO), International These partnerships provide a framework Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO), and for cooperation in implementing and the International Telecommunications delivering the Capacity Building Initiative. Satellite Organization (ITSO) meet on an One major amendment to the resolution annual basis to exchange views on their ITU-R 69 approved during RA-19 and revised activities, to explore potential cooperation during RA-23 was to record the cooperation areas and discuss their participation in between ITU-D, ITU-R and ITSO on capacity international forums and the preparatory building initiatives. process related to agenda items requiring ITSO and ITU, through its Centers of mutual consideration. Excellence, have collaborated successfully in The Sixteenth Tripartite Meeting of the organizing multiple events throughout the Heads of EUTELSAT IGO, the IMSO and ITSO, years. took place on 4 December 2025 at EUTELSAT The satellite industry has been extremely IGO Headquarters in Paris, France. Hosted by supportive through their contributions of Mr. Piotr Dmochowski-Lipski, Executive expertise to deliver some of the courses’ Secretary of EUTELSAT IGO, the meeting was content. Since the establishment of the attended by Mr. Laurent Parenté, Director General of IMSO, and by Dr. Renata Brazil- program in 2010, more than 2,700 David, Director General of ITSO, who participants have been trained. participated remotely. During the meeting, Due to several internal organizational the Heads of the three organizations constraints, no event was organized in 2025. reviewed their respective developments, The Director General is having challenges, and successes since their last discussions with SES and some of the encounter in November 2024 in Washington partners to reestablish the capacity building DC (USA). Views were exchanged on the program, including online programs similar evolving satellite telecommunications to the ITSO/AUWCL Program on sector, which comprises the rise of LEO 4 ITSO Member States. As part of this program, the self-paced 12-week online course on “Basic Principles of International Communications Regulation and Policy” was offered 6 times, drawing 514 students from 72 different (AR-25) December 2025 Page 10 constellations, the development of multi- funding and the institutional levers at their orbit solutions and the generalized use of AI disposal to ensure compliance with the solutions in space. These developments international treaties that underpin their have significantly restructured the mandates. Considering the international competitive environment in which the geopolitical context on the one hand and the satellite companies operate, accelerated the differing global vs regional reach of each consolidation of the entire sector and inter-governmental entity on the other, the contributed to a redefinition of the three Heads agreed that despite these relationships between the companies and differences, strong synergies remained the international satellite organizations. The including their role vis-a-vis their Member discussions highlighted that, despite a States to safeguard the public interest of shared historical background, a partially satellite connectivity and the need to overlapping membership, and several continue to explore areas of cooperation in converging interests, the three order to contribute to the advancement and intergovernmental organizations remain growth of satellite technology in a institutionally distinct. The differences are sustainable manner. The next Tripartite not only related to their respective missions, Meeting will take place in London, United which have been gradually adjusted to the Kingdom, at the invitation of IMSO during recent changes faced by the companies they the second half of 2026. oversee, but also to the sources of their (AR-25) December 2025 Page 11 3. SES AND ITS NETWORK obligations continue to guide ITSO’s 3.1. SES and the Public Service supervisory role and underscore the Obligations importance of ensuring that satellite Following the completion of the connectivity remains universally accessible, acquisition of Intelsat on 17 July 2025, SES, equitable, and aligned with the Parties’ as successor in interest to Intelsat, operates Common Heritage and the ITSO Agreement. as a leading global multi-orbit satellite SES’s strengthened multi-orbit capabilities, communications provider, with an growing global footprint, and continued integrated network of more than 120 GSO innovation position the Company to and MEO satellites, further enhanced by contribute meaningfully to universal strategic access to NGSO constellations such connectivity while meeting its obligations as LEO through partnerships. SES’s under the PSA. infrastructure delivers broadband connectivity, video distribution, mobile backhaul, and data services worldwide, 3.2. SES’s Performance helping rural and remote communities gain In 2025, Intelsat operated independently reliable access and supporting broadcasters, during the first half of the year and, following cloud and internet service providers, mobile the completion of the acquisition by SES on network operators, governments, and July 17, 2025, became part of the SES group. institutions. In 2025, SES continued to The Company continued to operate in a expand its O3b mPOWER MEO constellation competitive and evolving satellite market with new satellite launches that increase environment marked by industry capacity, throughput, and low-latency consolidation, increasing demand for multi- performance for high-value applications, orbit solutions, and continued investment in while extending connectivity solutions next-generation capabilities. across diverse sectors. The Company has The integration into SES has also pursued strategic partnerships, strengthened the Company’s financial and including advancing direct-to-device satellite operational profile, combining services to extend coverage to unconnected complementary fleets, expanded ground mobile users and expanding aviation and infrastructure, and enhanced innovation government connectivity solutions, capacity. The transaction positions the reinforcing its role as a trusted provider of combined entity as a leading global multi- comprehensive and resilient global orbit operator with increased scale, connectivity. resiliency, and ability to invest in future Under the PSA with ITSO, SES remains technologies. obligated to fulfill the established Public In 2025, SES delivered robust financial Service Obligations inherited from Intelsat, and operational performance, strengthened namely to (i) maintain global connectivity by the strategic acquisition of Intelsat. This and coverage; (ii) serve lifeline connectivity milestone created one of the largest multi- customers; and (iii) provide non- orbit satellite operators in the world, discriminatory access to SES’s system. These (AR-25) December 2025 Page 12 combining complementary GSO and MEO markets worldwide. capabilities to support diversified global In 2025, SES continued scaling its O3b services across media, mobility, mPOWER system, enhancing capacity and government, and enterprise markets. performance while advancing next- For the first nine months of 2025 5, generation capabilities that integrate including full consolidation of Intelsat post- satellite and terrestrial networks, including acquisition, SES achieved approximately 5G-enabled solutions. The broader satellite €1.75 billion in revenue, reflecting nearly industry environment was marked by 20 % year-on-year growth, with Adjusted increasing demand for seamless multi-orbit EBITDA of about €849 million, up 11% year- connectivity, digitalization, and the growing on-year. The company secured significant use of artificial intelligence in network new business and contract renewals, with a management and service optimization. The combined backlog of over €7 billion, combination of SES and Intelsat has underscoring strong demand and customer accelerated the development of integrated, confidence in SES’s expanded offerings. high-performance connectivity solutions designed to meet these evolving market SES’s leverage increased with the Intelsat requirements. acquisition to 3.7x Adjusted debt/Adjusted EBITDA with €6 billion of debt as of 30 The Company continued to serve September 2025. SES plans to reduce its customers across media, network services, leverage to 3.0X or below. mobility, government, and enterprise sectors, expanding partnerships to deliver SES projects its full year 2025 revenues in connectivity in remote and underserved the range of €2.6-2.7 billion and Adjusted regions. Strategic initiatives included EBITDA in the range of €1.17-1.21 billion. deployment of multi-orbit solutions for aviation, maritime, land mobility, 3.3. SES’s Network and Operations agriculture, and enterprise services; As of 2025, SES operates one of the collaboration on satellite-enabled 5G world’s most extensive and diverse satellite integration; and continued investment in communications networks, integrating more satellite life-extension and in-orbit servicing than 70 satellites across GSO and NGSO, technologies. including its flagship O3b mPOWER MEO Overall, the integration into SES marks a constellation. Following the acquisition of significant strengthening of the Company’s Intelsat in July 2025, the combined fleet and global footprint, operational resilience, and ground infrastructure significantly expanded innovation capacity. As successor in interest SES’s global coverage, redundancy, and to Intelsat, SES remains bound by the Core service flexibility. The integration of Principles and obligations under the PSA, complementary GSO and MEO capabilities, reinforcing its role as a trusted provider of together with a broad network of teleports global satellite connectivity while operating and ground systems, enables highly resilient, as a leading multi-orbit operator in a rapidly multi-orbit solutions serving commercial, evolving sector. government, mobility, media, and enterprise 5 https://www.ses.com/press-release/ses-delivers-solid-9- months-and-q3-2025-results (AR-25) December 2025 Page 13  During 2025, SES continued to serve its mPOWER MEO network, with K2 Space’s customers in the network services, media engineering capabilities to co-develop and government sectors on a global scale. future network infrastructure and Following, are some of the SES’s highlights in technologies. 2025, since its acquisition of Intelsat: • September 2025 – Rural Connectivity • 17 July 2025 – Completion of Expansion in West Africa Acquisition of Intelsat SES announced a network upgrade SES completed the acquisition of partnership to expand mobile backhaul Intelsat, creating a strengthened global and broadband connectivity in West multi-orbit satellite operator with Africa, supporting rural 4G and expanded GSO and MEO capabilities, broadband deployments and enhancing enhanced global ground infrastructure, digital inclusion efforts. and broader commercial reach across • October 2025 – Enterprise and Cloud Government, Mobility, Media, and Connectivity Partnerships Enterprise markets. SES strengthened partnerships with • 24 July 2025 – Expanded Government global cloud and enterprise service Services Integration providers to integrate multi-orbit Following the acquisition, SES satellite connectivity into hybrid cloud announced integration initiatives to and edge computing architectures, combine SES Government Solutions and supporting digital transformation Intelsat General capabilities, initiatives across remote and strengthening secure, multi-orbit underserved markets. communications services for U.S. and • November 2025 – Services allied government customers. agreement with Relativity Space • August 2025 – Direct-to-Device SES signed an extended multi-year, (D2D) Collaboration with Lynk Global multi-launch services agreement with SES advanced its partnership with Lynk Relativity Space, the aerospace company Global to support development of building the Terran R rocket, a reusable satellite-to-mobile (direct-to-device) launch vehicle, that will bring the connectivity solutions, combining Lynk’s selected SES satellites to their final LEO innovation with SES’s global multi- orbital position. orbit infrastructure to enable resilient, • December 2025 – Continued Multi- complementary mobile coverage Orbit Integration and Innovation solutions. Initiatives • September 2025 – Development of SES confirmed continued deployment of SES’s future MEO network integrated GSO-MEO solutions and SES announced a strategic collaboration further investment in network with K2 Space, an innovative new space virtualization, software-defined technology firm, to advance the infrastructure, and satellite life- development of SES’s future MEO extension services, reinforcing its role as network, combining SES global multi- a resilient and innovation-driven global orbit networks, including its O3b operator. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 14 SES launched with Abra Group a fast and reliable multi-orbit inflight connectivity service on the first of more than 100 aircraft, solidifying SES’ position as a leading provider of satellite-powered broadband inflight service in the Americas. (AR-25) December 2025 Page 15